On this page:
1.1 Defining Types: define-type
define-type
1.2 Deconstructing Data Structures: type-case
type-case
1.3 Testing Infrastructure
test
test/ pred
error
test/ exn
test/ regexp
1.3.1 Test Flags
abridged-test-output
plai-catch-test-exn
halt-on-errors
print-only-errors
test-inexact-epsilon
plai-ignore-exn-strings
plai-all-test-results

1 PLAI Scheme

 #lang plai

PLAI Scheme is derived from the scheme language. In addition, it includes the define-type and type-case forms and testing support.

1.1 Defining Types: define-type

syntax

(define-type type-id variant ...)

 
variant = (variant-id (field-id contract-expr) ...)
Defines the datatype type-id. A constructor variant-id is defined for each variant. Each constructor takes an argument for each field of its variant.

The value of each field is checked by its associated contract-expr. A contract-expr may be an arbitrary predicate or a contract.

In addition to the contructors, a define-type expression also defines:

1.2 Deconstructing Data Structures: type-case

syntax

(type-case datatype-id expr
   branch ...)
 
branch = (variant-id (field-id ...) result-expr ...)
  | (else result-expr ...)
Branches on the datatype instance produced by expr, which must be an instance of datatype-id (previously defined with define-type) Each branch extracts the values of the fields, and binds them to field-id ....

If a branch is not specified for each variant, you may use an else branch to create a catch-all branch. An else branch must be the last branch in the sequence of branches. type-case signals a compile-time error if all variants are not covered and the else branch is missing. Similarly, type-case signals a compile-time error if an else branch is unreachable because a branch exists for all variants.

1.3 Testing Infrastructure

PLAI Scheme provides the following syntactic forms for testing.

syntax

(test result-expr expected-expr)

If result-expr and expected-expr evaluate to the same value, result-value, the test prints

(good result-expr result-value expected-value location).

If they do not evaluate to the same value, the test prints

(bad result-expr result-value expected-value location).

If evaluating result-expr signals an error, the test prints

(exception result-expr exception-message <no-expected-value> location)

If evaluating expected-expr signals an error, the test prints

(pred-exception result-expr exception-message <no-expected-value> location)

syntax

(test/pred result-expr pred?)

Similar to test, but instead of supplying an expected value, the predicate pred? is applied to result-expr.

If evaluating pred? signals an error, the test prints

(pred-exception result-expr exception-message <no-expected-value> location)

The syntax of pred? is considered expected-value for the purposes of test reporting.

value

error : procedure?

Like scheme’s scheme:error, but generates exceptions that are caught by test/exn.

syntax

(test/exn result-expr error-message)

This test succeeds if the expression evaluates to a call to error. Moreover, the error message contained in the exception must contain the string error-message. Note that test/exn only succeeds if the exception was explicitly raised by the user.

For example, the following test succeeds:

(test/exn (error "/: division by zero") "by zero")

The error message is "/: division by zero", and "by zero" is a substring of the error message. However, the following test fails:

(test/exn (/ 25 0) "by zero")

Although the expression raises an exception and the error string contains "by zero", since the error was not explicitly raised by user-written code, the test fails.

The evaluation of error-message is considered expected-value for the purposes of test reporting.

syntax

(test/regexp result-expr error-message-regexp)

This test is similar to test/exn,but the error message is matched against a regular expression instead.

The evaluation of error-message-regexp is considered expected-value for the purposes of test reporting.

1.3.1 Test Flags

procedure

(abridged-test-output [abridge?])  void?

  abridge? : boolean? = false
When this flag is set to true, the test forms never prints result-expr or location.

procedure

(plai-catch-test-exn [catch?])  void?

  catch? : boolean? = true
When this flag is set to true, exceptions from tests will be caught. By default, exceptions are caught.

procedure

(halt-on-errors [halt?])  void?

  halt? : boolean? = true
This flag determines whether the program immediately halts when a test fails. By default, programs do not halt on failures.

procedure

(print-only-errors [print?])  void?

  print? : boolean? = true
When this flag is set to true, only tests that fail will be printed. By default, the results of all tests are printed.

procedure

(test-inexact-epsilon epsilon)  void?

  epsilon : number?
When testing inexact values for equality, test permits them to differ by epsilon. The default value of epsilon is 0.01.

procedure

(plai-ignore-exn-strings ignore?)  void?

  ignore? : boolean?
If this flag is set to true, when testing for exceptions with test/exn and test/regexp, the message of the exception is ignored. By default, test/exn and test/regexp only succeed when the message of the exception matches the supplied string or regular expression.

This variable is the list of all tests that have been run so far, with the most recent test at the head.